Imbere mu gihingwa cy'urumogi, sisitemu igoye y’imiti ikora ikorera hamwe kugirango habeho ingaruka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi bidasanzwe byabayeho iyo ukoresheje amoko atandukanye aboneka ku isoko.Umukuru muri ibyo bikoresho ni urumogi, terpene, flavonoide, nibindi bikoresho byibimera.Mugihe terpene imeze nkamavuta yingenzi agenga impumuro nuburyohe, urumogi (na bibiri byumwihariko) rutera ingaruka mumitekerereze numubiri yo kunywa urumogi.Izo rumogi ebyiri, THC na CBD, tuzasesengura byinshi muriki kiganiro.
THC ni iki?
Ikintu cyiganje kigira ingaruka mubwonko bwawe no mumubiri ni molekile ikomeye yitwa tetrahydrocannabinol, izwi nka THC kubantu benshi.THC imaze kumenyekana cyane nk'urumogi rugutera hejuru, ariko iyi molekile ya psychoactique ifite izindi ngaruka nyinshi zikwiye ubushakashatsi.Mu gihe twabonye gusa icyo kigo nko mu myaka 60 ishize, abantu bakoresheje urumogi nk'umuti mu binyejana byinshi, hamwe n’ikoreshwa rya mbere ryanditswe mu Bushinwa mu 2727 mbere ya Yesu mu gitabo cyanditswe n'Umwami w'abami Shen Nung, se w'ubuvuzi bw'Ubushinwa.
Raphael Mechoulam yavumbuye bwa mbere THC muri kaminuza yigiheburayo i Yeruzalemu, kandi inkuru iratangaje.Nk’uko Mechoulam abivuga, nk'uko byavuzwe muri BioMedCentral, yagize ati: "Byose byatangiriye mu modoka itwara abagenzi mu 1964, ubwo nazanaga kilo eshanu za Hashish zo muri Libani nahawe na Polisi ya Isiraheli muri laboratoire yanjye mu kigo cya Weitzman i Rehovot."
CBD ni iki?
Urumogi (CBD) ni urundi rumogi rwiganje ruboneka mu gihingwa cy'urumogi.Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati ya CBD na THC riza kumitekerereze ya psychoactive.
Ibyo bice byombi bikora mukuvugana nabakira.Ariko, bitandukanye na THC, CBD ntabwo ihuza na reseptors ya CB ituma CBD idakora neza.Kubera ko CBD idahuza neza na reseptor ya ECS, ntabwo ibatera imbaraga nkuko THC ibikora kugirango ibyiyumvo bizwi cyane "hejuru".Muguhindura ECS yakira muburyo butaziguye, CBD igarura homeostasis (cyangwa kuringaniza) mumubiri nta ngaruka zo mumutwe.Igituma CBD idasanzwe nuko ifite ubushobozi bwo gukorana na reseptor nyinshi mubwonko.Kurugero, CBD ivugana kandi na reseptor ya serotonine, cyane cyane reseptor ya 5-HT1A, ishobora gusobanura impamvu ishobora gufasha mukibazo cyigihe gito.
Abanyamerika bangahe banywa marijuwana?
Imibare yibanze ushobora gusanga kubyerekeye marijuwana ijyanye numubare wabantu banywa itabi cyangwa bayikoresha, kandi mugihe hari amakuru asubira inyuma cyane kurenza aya, imyaka icumi ishize yamakuru atanga ibisobanuro birambuye byerekana umubare wabantu bakoresha urumogi haba imbere umwaka ushize no mu kwezi gushize.
Habayeho kwiyongera guhoraho mu gukoresha urumogi haba mu kwezi gushize ndetse no mu mwaka ushize kuva 2012 kugeza 2021.
Mu mwaka wa 2012, 11,6% by'abantu bakuru bo muri Amerika bakoresheje urumogi mu mwaka ushize, mu gihe 7.1% babikoze mu kwezi gushize.
Kugeza mu 2021, ibi byariyongereye bigera kuri 16.9% by'abantu bakuru bo muri Amerika bakoresha urumogi mu mwaka ushize na 11.7% mu kwezi gushize, byiyongera hafi 46% na 65%.
Ibi birashoboka ko byerekana ko urumogi rwiyongera muri societe, aho abantu benshi bagenda bemererwa n'amategeko kandi ntibakunze kugira imyumvire mibi kubyerekeye igihingwa.
Ni izihe mpamvu Zisanzwe Zikoresha Urumogi?
Hamwe nimibare yabantu bakoresha urumogi, birasanzwe kwibaza icyo abantu batanga nkimpamvu yo kubikora.Impamvu eshatu zambere, zitangwa nabarenga kimwe cya kabiri cyababajijwe bose, ni ukuruhuka (67%), kugabanya imihangayiko (62%) no koroshya amaganya (54%), hamwe numubare muto utanga raporo ukoresheje urumamfu rufasha gusinzira neza (46%) , ububabare (45%) no gusinzira (44%).Impamvu nke zisanzwe zirimo kunywa itabi kubwimpamvu (34%), ubuzima bwiza (23%), kuburwayi (22%) no kuzamura guhanga (21%).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-03-2019